Frank was born on the 22nd of August, 1864, in Boston, Massachusetts, and he joined the US Navy in Virginia. He was deployed to China in support of the Boxer Rebellion and it was his actions as an Oiler that would earn him the Medal of Honor. The citation reads:

In action with the relief expedition of the Allied Forces in China during the battles of 13, 20, 21, and 22 June 1900. Throughout this period and in the presence of the enemy, Smith distinguished himself by meritorious conduct.

Frank Elmer Smith died on the 4th of March, 1943, and he is buried in the Mount Hope Cemetery in Boston, Massachusetts: Spanish War – Highland Ave Section, Lot 2102, Row 1, Grave 23.